Free Slaughterhouse-Five Essays: Dresden :: Slaughterhouse-Five Essays

Slaughterhouse-Five Dresden The focal point of Kurt Vonnegut's Slaughterhouse-Five is the devastating fire-bombing of Dresden in World War II, an event which was experienced by the real-life Vonnegut as well as the fictional Billy Pilgrim. Through the novel, Vonnegut renders his account of an occurrence which is, in itself, indescribable. In order to tell this story to the world, Vonnegut uses Billy Pilgrim's Tralfamadorian experience as a window that allows the reader some relief from the horrors of war. According to the author, the war was a traumatic experience which is virtually impossible to describe. As Vonnegut says in the introduction, " . . .I thought, too, that it [the novel] would be a masterpiece or at least make me a lot of money, since the subject was so big . . .but not many words about Dresden came from my mind then"(Vonnegut 2). As a result of Vonnegut's involvement in the war, the accounts which are depicted in the novel create a realistic picture for the reader. Such accounts include Billy's trek to the actual slaughterhouse, and his stay there, which lasted for years. Vonnegut had this same experience. According to one source, "Sheltered in an underground meat storage locker, Vonnegut managed to survive a raid that devastated the city and killed an estimated 135,000 people-more than the number of deaths in the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki combined"(Boomhower 1). Also, all of the characters mentioned in the novel are based on actual people encountered by Vonnegut throughout the war. At the very beginning of the war the author states that all of this "happened, more or less. The war parts, anyway, are pretty much true . . .I've changed all of the names(Vonnegut 1)." Vonnegut makes clear that he, too, has experienced Billy's struggles. He does so by intruding into the accounts of the fictional Billy with his own personal thoughts. In one case Vonnegut states, " . . .it would make a good epitaph for Billy Pilgrim--and for me too"(121). Another such event occurs when Pilgrim travels "back to Dresden, but not in the present. He was going back there in 1945, two days after the city was destroyed. Now Billy and the rest were being marched into the ruins by their guards. I was there. O'Hare was there"(212). Billy escapes from the nightmares and realities of his earthly life on the planet Tralfamadore.

The Theories from the Movie of Confessions of a Shopaholic

Instances with cultural dimension are everywhere. The very normal everyday affairs that relate to cultural field could intricately stand on behalf of, or are shaped by, wider social and cultural forces (Miller, McHoul, 1). For instance, in the movie of Confessions of a Shopaholic (2009), fashion as a significant element, including the appearances of projection, consumption and aesthetics, as well as the status of upper class, determines self-identity and expresses one’s personality and discourses. This essay will first briefly introduce the movie, followed by defining and elaborating two theories. Subsequently, two of the movie clips deemed as culture examples, each exemplifying the key notions from two scholars will be analyzed. Ultimately the essay would draw the conclusion with cultural lead ideas. According to the introduction of Metacritic (2009), the movie of Confessions of a Shopaholic (2009) mainly describes a girl named Rebecca Bloomwood who is absolutely a shopaholic. In order to achieve the dream of working for her beloved fashion magazine, she snags a job of being an economic columnist for a financial magazine, which is published by the same company. Ironically, she guides people to effectively manage money on the one hand and has loads of debts to pay off on the other hand. She has to make up lies to evade creditor’s tracking. Eventually, the comedy ends with Rebecca turning over a new leaf and celebrating both career and love after harsh introspection and self-reflection. The movie of Confessions of a Shopaholic (2009) is occupied by fashion, glamour and shopping. This refers a person with a compulsive desire to shop. This movie lightly involved gender bias and stereotypes with the terms. For instance, women who love buying are called â€Å"shopaholics†. While, occasionally, men are called â€Å"collectors† which have the same situation as women. However, the movie principally illustrates people’s desire for consumption and self-expression through styling and taste, which will be detailed by theories as following. In the movie, the view of simplified consumption is widely and reasonably acknowledged. Shopping, an approach of leisure and consuming time, offers people happiness and enjoyment. Due to the reports and evidences from Carlson (2008), it can be powerfully argued that people consume for the sake of consuming in real life. The Polish sociologist, Zygmunt Bauman (1925- ) illustrates the modern consuming in the theory of â€Å"consuming life†, based on his theory of consumerism and liquid modernity. With the heuristics understanding of consumers and â€Å"consuming life†, he discovered three ideal categories, namely consumerism, the society of consumers, and consumer culture, to demonstrate consumers as a part of the society as well as the possible relationships among them. (Patterson 4). Bauman chiefly addresses consumerism about the subjectivity of individual consumers and states the motivated role of the unfulfilled desires and unsatisfied needs. As for the second ideal type, Bauman argues the inevitable relationship between individuals and the world. In addition, ‘salability’ is coined to define the cause of social membership raised by individual’s consumption. The third ideal type, notably consumer culture, is claimed to â€Å"moves to a mes-olevel discussion of the social networks and interactions that exist within liquid modernity. †(ibid. ) In Bauman’s theory, people are believed live in the postmodern consumer society and consumption is increasing in volume. Consumer’s satisfaction is instant and delayed. As the report of Miller (33), at the moment of purchase, women are hardly satisfied in situations of purchase. The satisfaction brought by consumed goods is limited and short-term, the length of which normally should be reduced to bare minimum. However, Bauman (17) argues that the impatient, impetuous, and restive consumption would be more likely and much easier to fade off and lose interests as well, which reverses the traditional relationship between satisfactions and instant needs. At the beginning of the movie, Rebecca Bloomwood, who already has a debt of $900, is still fascinated by the green scarf that she does not really need. Finally she buys it due to her immediate desire even it is not necessary. Throughout the movie, there are numerous scenes in which she regrets for her impetuous perchance. â€Å"Do we really need another chair? † as David Report asked. They claim that things that are not really necessary cram people’s homes and people purchase them because of imputation and short time self-satisfaction (Carlson 4). Moreover, Bauman clarifies ‘consumer game’ as the excitement of sensation, which excludes the greediness of obtainment as well as the tangible sense without wealth. Consumers ought to consume rationally and in control. Desire, is regarded could be reproduce by itself, and has self-perpetuating motive. As Mark C. Taylor and Esa Saarinen once said, â€Å"Desire does not desire satisfaction. To the contrary, desire desires desire. † (Bauman 5). The movie of Confessions of a Shopaholic (2009) presents numerous and various scenes of fashion judgments. For instance, one of the clips depicts the astonishment of Rebecca, who discovers the illustrious background of her boss, whom she thought was nonentity and nobody. When asked why wearing these low-priced clothes, he answers that he does not want to be labeled by his clothes and the appearance, which says the underlying tastes and sense of fashion. Pierre Bourdieu (1990-2002), who was born in an out-of-the-way corner of southwest France, illustrates and clarifies these situations with the conception of †habitus† and the class taste. In his youth, He was cultivated in philosophy. However, after the experience of participation of the Algerian War, he transformed to be a social scientist. Nevertheless he had philosophic logic and accuracy (Grass 1) as well. In Bourdieu theory, drawn from a long-term scientific observation, cultural needs are demonstrated to be the product of upbringing and education. Cultural practices, including literature, painting or music, are closely attached to the educational level and subsequently to social origin. According to both the influence from the strongest ‘extra-curricular’ culture and the extent of the cultural practices, which are recognized by the educational system, the background and formal education could change. Therefore the manner of tastes and ‘class’ forms within the discourses as well as structures (Bourdieu 2). The different lifestyles associated with them (Wacquant 7) could be understood as the approach to categorizing and distinguishing people. In addition, the theory shows how individuals characterize and reversely define themselves to others. For instance, the upper class makes adjudication based on the mannerisms, interests and tastes (Bourdieu 2). Habitus, meaning the way that the body is shaped by discourses as well as the environment, is clearly visible through taste. Through the process of which people recognize, judge, and operate in the world, habitus successfully assigns the system of ispositions, which is shared by countless people who have similar experiences and ideas. Habitus, the mediation between both the past and present stimuli, is socially structured and is simultaneously structuring the society. The reason for Bourdieu’s exemplification of the â€Å"unchosen principle of all choices,† as well as â€Å"the product of structure, producer of practice, and reproducer of structure† to hibitus is that it provides form and unity to a range of activities of an individual by crossing the separate spheres of life. Moreover, habitus is a principle of both social continuity and discontinuity. It is social continuity because of its ability to store social forces in individuals and transport them across time and space. Furthermore, It is discontinuity in that it could â€Å"be modified through the acquisition of new dispositions and the reason† that â€Å"it can trigger innovation whenever it encounters a social setting discrepant with the setting from which it issues†. Wacquant 7). All in all, the comedy of Confessions of A Shopaholic (2009) could be intensely analyzed by culture theories. After the briefly introduction of the movie, Bauman’s theory was introduced to illustrate the conception of consumption. Moreover, the three ideal categories detail the conception and the hypothesis of satisfaction of desire, suggesting the impetuous purchase would fade off yet the desire never would. Subsequently, Bourdieu’s theory of taste classifies and categorizes people with respect to taste and education. The dissimilar manners are closely linked to the dissimilar positions in social factor, which possibly bound up with the systems of habitus of the different classes (Bourdieu 2). In fact, despite the fact that the cultural studies about â€Å"desire† as well as â€Å"habitus† has been already made progresses, it is obvious and plain that they would still be discussed and argued within a long period of time.Reference http://lists.extropy.org/pipermail/paleopsych/2006-January/004927.html http://www.metacritic.com/movie/confessions-of-a-shopaholic

What is Human Resource Management Essay - 2214 Words

INTRODUCTION Human Resource Management is â€Å"the process of managing people in a company as well as managing the existing inter-personal relationships† (J. Suli, What Is Human Resource Management, 2013). Key to the success and growth of any business, the HR department is commonly known for taking care of issues and creating strategies for effective employee recruitment and development in a business. However, nowadays, because of the intense competitive market and ever-changing demands, in order for an organisation to create competitive advantage and add value to its corporation, different workforce management mechanisms have to be implemented. These high investments on human resources function have been more eminent for the past decade and†¦show more content†¦When you treat people that way, you get better productivity† (Lashinsky, 2012). These reasons supported my decision to select Google as an example of the different contributions human resources have on companies. In this research then, I will address these contributions relating them to the three issues chosen from the module which are also backed up and linked to Google’s core values: Motivation and Team Working, Engagement and Commitment, and Learning Organisation. ISSUES CRITICAL ANALYSIS AND CONTRIBUTION The first issue I am going to discuss is Motivation and Team Working. As it was mentioned in the previous assignment report, the main articles that were studied to analyse the importance of this issue in human resource management, provide a good understanding of the motivational and social mechanisms that any company should incorporate in its management practices. They also link the importance of goal definitions and feedback in order to promote motivation - â€Å"Goal setting and feedback seeking in relation to goals are the core of self-regulation† (Latham Locke 1991) – supporting that the organisation should align its aspirations with the employee’s. I was also able to observe how not onlyShow MoreRelatedWhat Is Human Resource Management3942 Words   |  16 Pages1.0 Introduction Human resource management can be defined as â€Å"the effective use of human resources in an organization through the management of people-related activities.† (Harvard Extension School, 2013) According to Boxall (2007), â€Å"HRM is the management of work and people towards desired ends.† Human Resource Management (HRM) is the core function of all organizations. It ensures that’s companies have the necessary talent required to operate effectively. Strategic HRM according to Ulrich(1997)Read MoreWhat Is Human Resource Management?1246 Words   |  5 Pagesbusiness concept through which companies are integrating their business functions, processes and strategies across the globe taking advantage of the economic growth and culture of countries overseas. This approach increased the significance of Human Resource Management in an organization to a great extent in promoting sustainable development, of all aspects in most industries. HRM not only manages the employees of the company, but is also helps managers adapt to the changing global corporate atmosphereRead MoreWhat Is Human Resource Planning?Identify Its Objectives in Human Resource Management.3921 Words   |  16 Pagesstaff v) prevent shortage / excess of staff vi) comply with legal requirements ------------------------------------------------------------- Human resource planning is the process of anticipating and carrying out the movement of people into, within, and out of the organization. Human resources planning is done to achieve the optimum use of human resources and to have the correct number and types of employees needed to meet organizational goals. Thus, it is a double-edged weapon. If used properlyRead MoreWhat Human Resource Management Is All About1479 Words   |  6 Pagesdifferent strategies through the people, their employees. The ethical challenges, political and instabilities in the economy, and globalization are issues that are also faced by today business firms are what Human Resource management is all about. In this diversity of Human Resources Management (HRM), the organizations adopt the practices and policies according to the environment and culture. Equal Employment Opportunity (EEO) is required by federal and state laws governing on employment. EEORead MoreWhat is Strategic Human Resource Management(SHRM)?2946 Words   |  12 PagesStrategic Human Resource Management (SHRM) is concerned with establishing a specific and managed cause and effect relationship between an organisations actions to survive and grow and its HRM principle and practices. It is also concerned with the mechanism through which people in an organisation gain an understanding of the purpose of the organisation, its goals and strategic objectives. As well as how the organisation related to its external environment in order to achieve these goals and objectivesRead MoreWhat Is Strategic Human Resource Management ( Shrm )1791 Words   |  8 Pages OBE63343 What is Strategic Human Resource Management (SHRM) a) Do examples of SHRM exist in you region of study? Give examples in your analysis. b) How do you think business (or government) in your region could approach their HRM practices more strategically â€Æ' Contents Abstract Introduction Main Body - Management of People for Strategic Success - Strategic Fit - Examples of SHRM in the UAE - Potential Strategies for businesses in the UAE Conclusion Bibliography Abstract ThisRead MoreWhat are Integrated Human Resource Management Policies? Essay2248 Words   |  9 Pagesproduce , the quality work they do, their Personal and Professional life requirements and the place where they can survive or not . Quality of work life focuses on organization culture and climate. It is basically related to the employees attitude and what are the expectations of employees from the organization. In the new millennium we see that there are immense challenges to employers and employees and their families. Perception of employees towards their job matters extensively for their performanceRead MoreWhat Are The Five Main Functions Of Global Human Resource Management?1386 Words   |  6 PagesArticle 1- â€Å"What are the five main functions of Global Human Resource Management ?† According to the article the worldwide integration of business has made an impact on the task of Human Resource managers because of diverse culture, new notions and different products. In the article there are five main international concepts that are essential for Human Resource Management to ensure the smooth working of business. These are as follows- †¢ Hiring- To entice, retain and recruit a proficient worker isRead MoreWhat Is Management Theory Of Classical And Human Resources Affect The Management Of Different Organizations1765 Words   |  8 Pagesdifferent management theories. The purpose of this study is to identify which management theory is ideal for any company to pursue and it will cover advantages and disadvantages of each. The source of information for the above topic will be books that are published by different scholars. The research will be concluded with an assertion of how the two management theories of classical and human resources affect the management of different organizations. Key words: management theories, human resources. IntroductionRead MoreWhat is human resource management and should it be an important part of organisational strategy?2593 Words   |  11 PagesHuman Resources managers are the most important features of any business especially in an economy where there is an increasing shift towards service based industry. Price (1997) for example argues that HRM account for a great proportion of many business costs and it is the people that drive business. Through the key components of HRM such as recruitment and selection, training and developments, the essay will argue on the importance of HRM in organizations and how it contribute to organizational

Heart Diseae Informative Outline - 882 Words

Shelly Kutschenko 03-13-2013 COM 110 Informative Outline Heart Disease in Women Introduction Greeting: Hello Everyone, My name is Shelly Kutschenko and I’m here to talk about Heart disease in women Attention getter: Heart Disease is the leading cause of death in women in the United States. According to The Center for Disease Control (CDC), heart disease claimed more than 292,188 women’s’ lives in 2009, that’s 1 in every 4 female deaths. The National Coalition of Heart Disease states that â€Å"A woman dies every 34 seconds.† Purpose: To inform my audience about Heart Disease in women Preview: I. Signs and Symptoms II. Diagnosis and Test III. Treatment. Body I. Signs and Symptoms: â€Å"Women tend to downplay their symptoms†Ã¢â‚¬ ¦show more content†¦(Mayo Clinic 2012) D. CT scan (Cardiac Computerized Tomography): Is used to check for heart failure, as you lie down on a table that looks like a doughnut a rotating machine take images of your heart.(Mayo Clinic 2012) E. Cardiac MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging): According to the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, a cardiac MRI uses radio waves, magnets, and a computer to create pictures of your heart. III. Treatment A. Medication 1. Aspirin 2. Antiplatelet therapy B. Lifestyle Changes 1. Quit Smoking: Each year more than 135,000 people die from smoking related heart-disease (WebMd). 2. Exercise: Dr. Dean Kereiakes, MD, FACC and Douglas Wetherill, MS notes that â€Å"currently, only 22% of adults in the United States exercise at a level that benefits their cardiovascular system,† (p.72) The US. Surgeon General recommends exercising for 20-30 a day, 5 days a week. (p. 75). 3. Reduce Stress : American Heart Association states â€Å" Some scientist have noted a relationship between coronary heart disease risk and stress in a person’s life may affect the risk factors for heart disease, for example.† C. Surgery 1. Angioplasty: Kereiakes and Wetherill write that â€Å"angioplasty is a procedure in which a heart doctor inserts a balloon catheter over a thin wire across an artery. The balloon is inflated and compresses the plaque to clear the arteries of any blockage.†(p. 106-107). 2. Bypass Surgery: In the book

Slavery and Racism - 1509 Words

Jack O’Donnell Development of Western Civilization Dr. Carlson November 17, 2011 Slavery and Racism: Are They One in the Same? Aphra Behn was an extremely significant and influential English writer in the 1600s. One of her more famous works, Oroonoko, discusses the issues of slavery and racism in the Americas. Many people believe that slavery and racism go hand in hand. In fact, these two ideologies are awfully different. Slavery is the act of forcing humans to be treated property whereas racism is the belief that discrimination based on inherently different traits is justifiable. Behn, in Oroonoko, makes the fundamental differences between slavery and racism apparent. With the philosophical views of Rousseau and Trouillot’s†¦show more content†¦He would criticize Behn on her opinion of slavery saying that all men are born and should remain equal (Rousseau). Behn is very passive about her views on slavery where Rousseau is active in his writings. Even though he disagrees with Behn’s view on slavery he still believes slavery and racism are different. Rousseau would not dispute Behn ove r her view of racism. According to Rousseau, racism contrasts with his view on the rights of man. He believes all men are created equal; race should not be a reason to discriminate. He would also affirm what Behn has to say about the horrible treatment of Oroonoko by the white males throughout the story. They kept deceiving and leading Oroonoko on when they knew he would never be freed. Rousseau would say he should have received better treatment. The color of his skin should not matter in his given situation. Rousseau’s belief on the equality of mankind can be used to critique the works of Behn (Carlson 11/10). Even though there are disagreements between the views Behn and Rousseau, both see that racism and slavery are two different ideas and should be treated separately. The Haitian revolution also witnessed severe racism and slavery. In Haiti, slaves occupied about 85% of the population while the free men only occupied about 15% (Breen 10/31). The sugar plantations needed t hese slaves to run the production which was a gruesome process. Through this horrible procedure, many peopleShow MoreRelatedSlavery : Racism And Racism Essay1134 Words   |  5 PagesSlavery: A root to Racism. Slavery and Racism Slavery as described by Oxford dictionaries â€Å"a person who is the legal property of another is forced to obey them† was introduced to America dating back to 17th and 18th centuries. African slaves were first brought to America as a means of cheap labor to work on tobacco plantations and later on the cotton gin. With the constant demand for labor and declining population, the colonists were led to believe that African slaves were the cheapest and efficientRead MoreSlavery, Racism, And Slavery Essay1779 Words   |  8 PagesSlavery began before racism in North America. To prove this I will provide an analysis of chronological events that displayed acts of slavery and racism. With that being said, Initially I will be delving into the earliest implementations of slavery in North America. That being Jamestown Virginia 1619. Secondly, analysing an extract from 1655, where an African man named Anthony Johnson claimed to own another black individual, John Casor as his property. Subsequently, moving onto Winthrop D JordanRead MoreRacism And Slavery : Black Or The Egg, Slavery Or Racism?993 Words   |  4 Pagesthe chicken or the egg, slavery or racism? The question of whether racism is the root of slavery, or if slavery caused racism is an ongoing debate that throughout history historians has been batting to answer, and have yet to come to an agreement. Some people think that people were made slaves because of prejudice toward the color of their skin, therefore, racism caused slavery; others believe that people saw slaves as inferior to them, and therefore slavery caused racism. Jordan’s â€Å"The Mutual CausationRead More Racism Or Slavery Essay953 Words   |  4 Pages Racism or Slavery, which came first? nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Racism or slavery, neither, this essay will document the prejudice against Africans from Europeans that led into slavery and racism. Prejudice issues in a dislike for an individual or group of these individuals. This dislike can simulate from many differences that are shared, religion, culture, system of living (government and social practice), or in some cases looks. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;â€Å"Initially English contact withRead MoreRacism and Slavery in Oronooko1158 Words   |  5 Pageswritten in the perspective of a white colonial woman in the eighteenth century. I found the novella to have a lot of subtle racial undertones despite the fact that during that time it was seen as an anti-slavery novel.(1) There have been debates on whether this novella is pro-slavery or anti-slavery? While reading, I decided that it was neither, but more so a novella from a revolutionist point of view. One of the first things that sticks out is the way in which she described Oroonoko physically.Read MoreDid Slavery Cause Racism?3614 Words   |  15 Pagesï » ¿Did slavery cause racism? Viewpoint: Yes. With the slave trade racism became rigidly defined in custom and law. Viewpoint: No. Slavery followed from racism and reinforced existing perceptions of blacks racial inferiority. Racism both preexisted and survived slavery. The color of Africans skin intrigued, frightened, and repelled Europeans. Exaggerating the physical and mental differences that allegedly separated blacks from whites, European writers conjectured that blacks had descended fromRead MoreRacism and Slavery Essay example1811 Words   |  8 Pages Did race prejudice cause slavery? Or was it the other way round? Winthrop D. Jordan, in his monumental study of white American attitudes to black people from 1550 to 1812, argues that prejudice and slavery may well have been equally cause and effect, dynamically joining hands to hustle the Negro down the road to complete degradation. But we must go deeper than that, if we are to understand the rise of English racism as an ideology, the various roles it has played inRead MoreSlavery and Racism Shown in Huckleberry Finn620 Words   |  3 Pagesvery prominent themes. These themes include racism and slavery, intellectual and moral education, and the hypocrisy of civilized society. The most dominant theme, racism and slavery, is recognized when the main character feels that he is doing the wrong thing in helping a runaway slave. It is also recognized in the passage where the main character talks to a boy who compares a black slave’s worth to two-hundred dollars. Twain used the theme racism and slavery in an attempt to convince southerners toRead MoreRacism And Slavery During The 19th Century2451 Words   |  10 PagesRacism is not just restricted to slavery and blacks, racism can be applied to anyone, and in 19th century England this was a huge problem. The 19th century was a trying time for those who were concerned with the abolition of slavery, those who were opposed to it were greatly concerned about losing their wealth or j ust concerned with the principle of a lower race being free. However those who were opposed to slavery were sick of seeing other humans being treated so poorly and saw it as inhuman.Read MoreEssay about Racism and Slavery Hand in Hand1304 Words   |  6 Pagesliberty to all. This goal, however, is darkened by a contradictory event: racism. Racism against African Americans (Negroes) in America was a by-product of permanent and inhumane enslavement of the black population. This type slavery was built upon the need for the American colonies to achieve economic prosperity and social stability. The slavery prior to these social and economic problems was equal to that of white slavery. Black and white slaves and indentured servants received the same treatments

IPL Ruining Cricket Stars Free Essays

string(132) " and Ajay JadeJa were banned from the cricket for life time and few players took retirement from cricket due to their shameful act\." Indian Premier League destroying International Cricket Money, fame, and power are the liberties that cricket players have nowadays. In India where cricket is consider a religion and cricket players are considered Gods. Mohammed Azharuddin was the captain of Indian cricket team in 1985 and he is now an Indian politician. We will write a custom essay sample on IPL Ruining Cricket Stars or any similar topic only for you Order Now He is the member of the Indian National Congress, which is the major political party in India. He is also the member of parliament of house in India. In India cricket was first played in 1932, but it wasn’t until 1983 when cricket drew approximately million fans. India won its first World Cup in 1983, beating West Indies, a team who was considered favorites to win the tournament. India’s proudest captain Kapil Dev lifted the World Cup trophy for the first time in front of thousands of people at one of the historic Cricket ground at Lords in England. This was Just the beginning of new cricket era in India. After almost two decades, Indian cricket was in threat of losing its fame due to few players and the captain itself was involved in match-fixing. This made entire nation angry and it drew fewer crowds, however when â€Å"Saurav Ganguly took the captaincy for the team in 2000 he changed the face of Cricket in India† (Empire of Cricket-India). He made everyone believe that no one should take Indian team lightly in international cricket; soon cricket began to take its peak by producing some of the finest players for India such as Sachin Tendulkar and Rahul Dravid. When India won its first inaugural Twenty20 World Cup in South Africa, it created a new taste in Indian Cricket. People began to like twenty20 cricket, because it was quick and results were faster. The BCCI (Board of Cricket Control in India) created IPL known as Indian Premier League, but they ignored the fact that by oing so they are destroying the international cricket. Lots of cricket is being played around the world such as test, one-day, twenty20, and domestic cricket. Cricket matches is affecting players’ performances and encouraging them to retire from one or more format of the game due to their tight schedule. Indian Premier League is consider as one of the prestigious domestic league in cricket and it attracts players from international cricket by offering mouthwatering salary of million dollars to the players to play in their league. India stuns the world in 1983 by winning the World Cup. No one had expected or even dreamed about India qualifying for finals and that too facing West Indies who won consecutive World Cup in 1975 and 1979. When India qualified for the semi-final many people were satisfy by India’s performance, but India wasn’t so they went onto the final by beating England. During early 1970’s and 1980’s West Indies was the toughest opponent to face and most batsman from other country feared to face West Indies bowlers. â€Å"West Indies possessed the most fearsome bowling attack and possibly the most brutal batting line-up that anybody had ever witnessed† (Abbasi 1). Facing West Indies was the nightmare for any team in early 1970’s and 1980’s. There was a big hand of Kapil Dev in India’s win over West Indies in World Cup. Kapil Dev became hero in minutes after taking a stunning match winning catch of Viv Richards, the catch gave â€Å"India belief. And West Indies panicked† (Bal 1). Viv Richards was the only player who would have help West Indies to make it hat-trick tor the number ot wins in World Cup. W n him gone West Indies dream faded away to put their hands on third World Cup title. â€Å"In hindsight it can also be said that the catch changed the way cricket would be played, for it awoke India to the possibilities to win the World Cup† (Bal 1). The catch from Kapil Dev brought India closer to the victory and with that 1983 World Cup belongs to India. It all came out in 1999 when cricket in India was in threat. India went through dark days in 1999 and it wasn’t the great year for the cricket players and especially for the cricket fans. Leading cricketers were accused of match-fixing and then a police report proved that there was a direct link between cricketers and illegal book makers. Former Indian Cricketer Bishan Bedi once said, â€Å"Sickening absolutely sickening and hen some of the players were found to be indulging in that kind of nonsense, cricket died for many days† (Empire of Cricket-India). People lost faith in everything they had seen and they no longer trusted the results. India’s cricket captain Mohammad Azharuddin was involved in match-fixing with many other players such as Ajay Sharma, Ajay JadeJa, Manoj Prabhakar, and Dr. Ali Iran’, a physiotherapist. â€Å"The Indian government orders the Central Bureau of Investigation to probe the match-fixing allegations and to find out whether any Indian cricketer or official was involved† (Ravindran 2). This event was eye opening for many fans and the government itself felt that they need to take action to provide Justice for the millions of cricket fans in India. When CBI released the report on match-fixing in November it accused those players of having links with bookies and of under-performing in return for huge sums of money. â€Å"Manoj Prabhakar told CBI that he was offered 2. 5 million rupees ($53,000) by a teammate to underperform in a match against Pakistan in 1994† (Magazine 2). â€Å"Titan Cup in 1996 between India and South Africa was fixed, Pepsi Asia Cup in Sri Lanka in 1997 was fixed, and Pepsi Cup between India and Pakistan in 1999 was also fixed† (Ganapathy 1). Mohammed Azharuddin and Alay Sharma were involved in the following fixed matches. Based on the evidence each time the match was fixed players received from â€Å"$19,000 to $400,000†³ (Ganapathy 1). People were in shock for years when they realized their cricket God cheated on them. These led to a public outcry demanding punishment for the players. Mohammed Azharuddin and Ajay JadeJa were banned from the cricket for life time and few players took retirement from cricket due to their shameful act. You read "IPL Ruining Cricket Stars" in category "Papers" To take Indian cricket out of darkness and into the light India needed a new leader. Saurav Ganguly known as Bengal Tiger of Kolkata was named captain of the Indian cricket team in 2000. Now, under Saurav Ganguly, Indians always such bad travelers, had begun to win abroad† (Bose 242). He made every Indians proud and made cricket more loveable. He began well as a captain leading India to the final of ICC Knockout Trophy in 2000 and ICC Cricket World Cup in 2003. Unfortunately India lost both these finals ; one against New Zealand in 2000 and Australia in 2003. When India toured England during the summer of 2002 there were big expectations on the shoulder of the young kipper with India not able to secure a series win in England since 1990. During the final match of the 2002 Natwest Trophy between India and England held in Lords, Ganguly took off his shirt in public and brandished it in the air to celebrate India’s stunning win of the series. Harsha Bhogle a cricket commentator said, â€Å"India was a great talking nation, but wasn’t great doing nation and they found that when Saurav came along and ne actually took that shirt ott, people said an nn someone’s nas actually done it. Someone has done what we wanted to do and there wasn’t any script written he Just did it† (Empire of Cricket-India). Ganguly had the vision that we can do it. And that’s what it made a difference. Former Pakistani cricketer Ramiz Raja once said â€Å"India vs. Pakistan this is what cricket is all about. It’s the contest that people look forward to. † Cricket played between India and Pakistan is often considered war than a match. There is always pressure on 11 players from both the nation when they face off. The reason why a match between India and Pakistan makes so much exciting and thrilling is because India’s independence from Britain in 1947, both countries have fought three wars and they are still in disputes over Kashmir. During India’s tour of Pakistan in 2004 the tension across the border was enormous. When India beat Pakistan in test series after 50 years it was a great gift for the people in India and people serving in Indian Army. This was by far the greatest achievement for team India under the captaincy of Ganguly. Intikhab Alam Pakistan team manager said, â€Å"Both teams cannot win, and somebody has to lose. Let it remain a cricket match and don’t make us feel like we are standing on a warfront† (Doherty 3). The word defeat is not accepted to the fans from both the countries. Defeat to the ans means that they have been slapped on their face. India Pakistan cricket is considered as one of the prestigious cricket rivalry. It is the competition that even different international team such as Australia and England look forward to. During the 1996 World Cup India and Pakistan played in quarter-final match for the spot in semi-final, two Pakistani fans died. â€Å"One had a heart attack and the other reportedly turned his gun on himself after shooting his TV in disgust at Pakistan’s 39-run loss to India† (Doherty 2). Cricket played between India and Pakistan is the battle of do or die. India is a cricket crazy country where cricket runs in the blood of every Indian on the planet. There is an old saying that â€Å"Cricket is an Indian game accidentally discovered by the English† (Gopalan et al. 1). This is so true, because cricket in Indian culture is so popular that every child that is born in India wants to play cricket. It is the sport that unite entire nation together. Cricket has the unique ability to unite all of India over and above its diversities. â€Å"Inspiration, Passion, Obsession, Devotion, cricket evokes myriad responses across India. India rejoices every time team India ins and despairs at every loss† (Gopalan et al. 1). During the 1996 World Cup when India lost to Sri Lanka for the spot in final, fans erupted in Kolkata cricket stadium. At the scent of a defeat Indian fans started â€Å"throwing empty bottles; burning newspaper which is symptomatic of the growing intolerance and fanaticism of the Indian crowds† (Gopalan et al. 2). Indians fans react to the team lose very quickly and they want their team to win every single game which is impossible. â€Å"Perhaps the problem is that Indians expect too much from their cricketer† (Bose 240). Indians fans are Just aiting for the opportunity to show their anger towards their team when India loses. â€Å"For the large numbers of urban middle class Indians who embraced the game, it was a case of encountering a new and exciting sport, one that was far more interesting than the Indian options that existed at the time such as gilli danda, hockey’ (Kasbekar 269). Cricket is more popular in India, because India doesn’t have too many sports unlike the United States where they have hockey, basketball, baseball, soccer, and football. The fans are evenly distributed when they have more choice available in ports while in India there is only one way ot tan tollowing which is Cricket. During the high profile match or tournaments Indian crowds are like ants and the cricket match is like sugar. Crowds are so glued to their seats or television set that they forget their problems in their life. The recent World Cup held in India, was big success for team India as they won their second title after 28 years. â€Å"India vs. Pakistan World Cup 2011 semi-final was watched by 67. 3 million people, India vs. Sri Lanka World Cup Final was watched by 68 million people† (Dhawan et al. 1). Cricket is ery popular and it draws more fans when India is performing at its best during bigger tournament. â€Å"There is no doubt that what made cricket so popular in India was nationalism. Cricket had become a reflection, a focus, and an instrument of Indian nationalism† (Kasbekar 269). Cricket is the only sport that gives fans a chance to show their love and support towards their nation. When India plays against England or Pakistan it is the great atmosphere for the fans to support their team. The other reason cricket is so popular is because there is no caste system in India when it omes to cricket. People from any caste can play cricket for his national team. Indian cricket team is a big example of diversity there are players from different religions such as Guajarati, Muslim, Marathi, South Indian, and Punjabi. A person from different religions unites team India and it makes cricket more lovable. India’s current cricket captain M. S. Dhoni comes from the lower caste. Now comes the new generation of cricket. The Indian Primer League also known as Indian Paisa League. Paisa in India means money. IPL’s power is taking over the world. â€Å"The survey ndicated that 54 percent of the players would retire from one or more formats of the game because of too much international cricket† (Magotra 2). Sri Lankan player Lasith Malinga retires from test cricket to focus on IPL and Australia Player Adam Gilchrist retires from all the format of the cricket such as test, one-day, and twenty20 to play in ‘PL. â€Å"The money has made many international cricketers choose IPL over their countries† (Magotra 1). Virender Sehwag from India decided not to tour the West Indies series, because he wanted to play in ‘PL. Few Indian players decided not to tart their treatment on their injuries, because they did not wanted to miss out from ‘PL. According to the DNA: Daily News Analysis former Sri Lankan cricketer Arjuna Ranatunga said, â€Å"IPL is the monster that will go on to destroy international cricket. † I agree with the former captain of Sri Lanka, because if the youngsters gets the chance to play in IPL and if he starts to make millions of dollar than why would he want to play for his national team if he can make a good living out of ‘PL. Bishan Bedi once said, â€Å"l find it suffocating honestly. I find it the most vulgar expression of cricket. It’s not cricket, No† (Empire of Cricket-India). Few former cricketers find IPL as one of the destructive tournament that will affect the real cricket and its taste. But IPL is so much popular in India that even women are interested in watching IPL games. â€Å"Inspired by the English Premier League city based franchises has been created and sold for over 500 million pound. Players from all over the world are auction for sums beyond one million pound† (Empire of Cricket-India). Harsha Bhogle a cricket commentator said, â€Å"History will record 20 years from now as IPL as the greatest urning point ever in history of the game† (Empire of Cricket-India). The way IPL is going it will affect the international cricket by having few players retiring from their national team; this affects the fans that are true cricket lover towards their nation. From the success ot I PL other countries such as Bangladesh, Pakistan, Sri Lanka are considering to create their own twenty20 domestic league such as Sri Lankan Premier League, Pakistan Premier League and Bangladesh Premier League. With all this domestic cricket being played it will go on to destroy the real meat of cricket which is ne-day and test cricket. People have to remember that Indian Premier League is dessert and people cannot live on dessert forever they have to respect the real meat of cricket by banning the domestic twenty20 league. India is very rich cricketing nation where lot of people looking to make investment in cricket. â€Å"But there are fears that this big hitting twenty20 cricket will end up destroying traditions of ancient and modern in India and wider empire of cricket† (Empire of Cricket-India). All eyes are on India as they became the superior governing cricket nation. International Cricket Council should intervene in domestic cricket by banning twenty20 cricket league. The way there is demand for the players in IPL I think it is going to be very difficult to put restriction on the international players to not allow them to play in IPL, but for the sake of cricket and preserving the ancient culture ICC and BCCI should take this action and stop IPL from further destruction. International players have earned fame and popularity by playing for their national team not by the ‘PL. IPL is playing with fans emotion by encouraging players to play in their team and the downside of this is hat those players are taking retirement from other format of the cricket due to too much cricket matches. How to cite IPL Ruining Cricket Stars, Papers

Estonia Essay free essay sample

Estonia joined the European Union as well as NATO in 2004. Estonia has been the first country to allow for internet voting in elections for parliament members (infoplease, n. d. ). Tampering would be thought to be an issue with allow for electronic voting, but the Estonian government has taken the precautions necessary to prevent that from happening. The current president of Estonia is Toomas Hendrik Ilves. President Ilves was elected by an electoral college in 2006. He had previously served in the Estonia Parliament before being elected. The Prime Minister of Estonia, who serves as the head of the government and has just as much if not more power than the president, is Prime Minister Andrus Ansip who has held his position since 2005. The type of government that Estonia has adopted is a Parliamentary Republic. The people of the Estonia vote for the members to represent that parliament, in this case 101 people. Those 101 members of parliament then vote on who the President and Prime Minister of Estonia are. We will write a custom essay sample on Estonia Essay or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Parliament also gives forth votes to the people on issues that are concerns for the whole country. Estonia remains a so called melting pot for Eastern Europe. The country is made up of 60 percent Estonia’s, with the other 40 percent being from other parts of the former Soviet Republic and a small population from other various parts of the world (Miller, 2009). With this much diversity within the country it is commendable that Estonia has done so well and can be a model of social and political change in just a short period of time after it had gained its independence from the Soviet Union. The political landscape of Estonia remains steady even with the drastic population from other countries. The huge national population disparity can and has lead to violent conflicts in the country. In 2007, the Russians that are in the country went to the capital to celebrate Victory Day, this day being the end of Fascism at the end of WWII. Estonian’s view Victory Day totally different than the Russians that are apart of Estonia. Victory Day to Estonian’s represents the start of Soviet occupancy in their country up until 1990. The Estonian government then moved the statue that the Russians came to, to celebrate, which led to violent clashes with country police for days (Miller, 2009).